Capybara
Capibaras Information
Scientific name: Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Conservation Status: Least Concern – population stable
Lifespan: 8-10 years in the wild
Mass: 35-66 kg (77-145 lbs)
Length: Up to 1.3 metres (4.3 feet)
Get to Know the Capybara
Did You Know?
Capybaras are the largest rodents on earth found in South America and are social, semi-aquatic mammals. They differ with their barrel-shaped body, short head, and reddish-brown hairy skin. These fantastic creatures are great swimmers with special paws and are found mostly in the water area, including rivers, lakes, and marshes.
The habitat of the capybaras is groups of 10-20 individuals. These animals are highly friendly and they use vocalisations to convey messages, also they have sophisticated social networks. They are mostly plant eaters, they feed mainly on grasses and aquatic plants and occasionally fruits. Having sharp teeth that grow constantly, they can crush the hard stems of plants. Their unique digestive system allows them to extract maximum nutrients from their plant-based diet through a process of coprophagy, where they eat their own partially digested faeces.
Capybaras have excellent built-in tools for living, which include eyes, ears and nostrils located up on their head to help them stay submerged while having their ‘head up’ when looking out for predators. They have hard skin and are dense which makes them suitable in their tough territory.
Capybaras are social animals and prefer to live in gangs that have a massive male to guard them, especially during the breeding period. They spend a lot of time grooming other members of their group to strengthen bonds and rid their fur of insects.
Saying they are large, these animals are not slow, they can move fast to evade their predators. Except when feeding or sleeping, you will find them reclining on the water body consequently, as they are heat sensitive.
Capybara Facts & Tidbits
- The name “capybara” comes from the Tupi language, meaning “grass eater.”
- They are the largest rodent species in the world.
- The capybaras are actual swimmers and can swim well over long distances. They can dive for a long time and while swimming they only lift their eyes and nostrils above the water level to check their environment. The Copper Reef is capable of remaining submerged for as long as five minutes.
- They are usually associated with other animals such as birds where some climb on the crocodile to feed on insects.
- Like most rodents, capybaras have specially adapted teeth; their incisors are always growing and eventually fall off and regrow again.
- This is because their diet comprises cellulose meaning that they are notorious for coprophagy an aspect that enhances the digestion of foods.
- Important prey for many predators in their ecosystem.
Distribution
Capybaras are spread throughout nearly all the countries of South America including Venezuela and Colombia to Argentina and Uruguay. They are found in large amounts in tropical rainforests, savannas and wetlands. Their habitat is most common in the Amazon River region primarily because of the availability of water and tree cover.
Although native to South America, capybaras have been introduced to areas such as Florida where they do particularly well in the small areas of wetland habitat available.
Wondering Where to See Capybaras in the Wild?
Capybaras are commonly spotted in the Pantanal region of Brazil, the world’s largest tropical wetland. Other places include the Llanos in Venezuela, the Orinoco River Basin covering most of Venezuela and eastern part of Colombia, the Ibera Wetlands, Argentina and the vast wetlands of Bolivia and Paraguay. In urban areas near wetlands, capybaras often live close to human settlements and are sometimes considered pests due to their grazing habits.
Conservation Status
IUCN Status: Least Concern
Capybaras are not currently at risk of extinction due to their adaptability and stable population. They thrive in a variety of habitats and are hunted for meat and hide in some areas. Conservation efforts in protected regions help ensure their continued survival.
Despite being classified as Least Concern, habitat destruction and overhunting in certain areas can pose localised threats. Sustainable management and preservation of wetland ecosystems are vital for their future.
FAQ: Understanding the Capybara – The World’s Largest Rodent
What do capybaras eat?
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Can capybaras swim?
Capybaras are excellent swimmers. Their partially webbed feet make them well-adapted to aquatic life. They can hold their breath underwater for up to five minutes and often use water as a refuge from predators.
What predators do capybaras face?
Capybaras are preyed upon by jaguars, caimans, anacondas, and large birds of prey. Their group living and ability to escape into water help them avoid predators.
Are capybaras friendly to humans?
Capybaras are generally docile and friendly, often described as calm and non-aggressive. They have become popular animals in zoos and wildlife parks due to their gentle nature.
Why are capybaras important to the ecosystem?
Capybaras play a crucial role in their ecosystem by grazing on vegetation, which helps control plant overgrowth. They also serve as a key food source for many predators, maintaining the balance of their environment.
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